Pompe y'amazi ni iki? Gucukumbura Ibice Bikuru: Imirasire yizuba

Imirasire y'izuba yagaragaye nk'uburyo bw'impinduramatwara y'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, itanga ibisubizo birambye kandi bidahenze kubikenewe bitandukanye. Bumwe muri ubwo buryo ni pompe y'amazi y'izuba. Nkuko izina ribigaragaza, pompe zamazi yizuba zikoresha ingufu zizuba kugirango zikore kandi ntizisaba amashanyarazi cyangwa lisansi. Intandaro yiyi sisitemu yo guhanga udushyaimirasire y'izuba, bigira uruhare runini mu gukoresha ingufu nyinshi z'izuba no kuyihindura amashanyarazi akoreshwa.

Ibigize pompe yamazi yizuba

Sisitemu yo kuvoma amazi yizuba igizwe nibice byinshi birimo imirasire yizuba, imashini, moteri, na pompe zamazi. Nyamara, imirasire yizuba ikora urufatiro rwa sisitemu, ikora nkisoko yambere yingufu. Reka dusuzume uburyo bukomeye bw'imirasire y'izuba n'uruhare rwabo mu mikorere ya pompe y'amazi y'izuba.

Imirasire y'izuba

Imirasire y'izuba, izwi kandi nk'ifoto ya Photovoltaque (PV), ni ihuriro ry'ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba zihindura urumuri rw'izuba mu mashanyarazi. Izi ngirabuzimafatizo zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikozwe mu bikoresho bya semiconductor (cyane cyane silicon) kandi bigira ingaruka zifotora. Iyo izuba riva, izuba ritanga amashanyarazi akoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye, harimo pompe zamazi.

Imikorere yizuba ryizuba biterwa nubushobozi bwayo bwo kwinjiza urumuri rwizuba no kuyihindura amashanyarazi. Igishushanyo nubwiza bwimirasire yizuba nibyingenzi kugirango bigerweho neza. Imirasire y'izuba ya Monocrystalline na polycrystalline ni ubwoko bukoreshwa cyane muri pompe y'amazi y'izuba.

Imirasire y'izuba ya Monocrystalline ikozwe muburyo bumwe bwa kristaline kugirango ikorwe neza kandi irambe. Izi panne zifite isura imwe yumukara kandi irashobora kumenyekana byoroshye kumpande zayo. Bitewe nubushobozi bwabo buhanitse, imirasire yizuba ya monocrystalline ikunzwe cyane mugihe umwanya ari muto cyangwa gukora ni ngombwa.

Ku rundi ruhande, imirasire y'izuba ya polycrystalline igizwe n'inzego nyinshi za kirisiti bityo zikaba zifite urwego ruto rwo hasi ugereranije no gukoresha imirasire y'izuba ya monocrystalline. Bafite ibara ry'ubururu ryihariye hamwe na kare kare idafite impande zegeranye. Nyamara, panike ya polycrystalline irahenze cyane kandi irashobora guhitamo neza mugihe umwanya utari imbogamizi.

Uburyo imirasire y'izuba ikora

Hatitawe ku bwoko, imirasire y'izuba ikora kimwe. Iyo urumuri rwizuba rukubise ingirabuzimafatizo yizuba, fotone mumirasire yizuba yirukana electron muri atome, bigakora umuyagankuba. Uyu muyoboro uhita ufatwa ningirabuzimafatizo zuba hanyuma ukazishyikirizwa umugenzuzi uhujwe, ugenga imigendekere yingufu kuri moteri na pompe.

Ubushobozi nubunini bwamashanyarazi yizuba nibintu byingenzi ugomba gusuzuma muguhitamo sisitemu yo kuvoma amazi yizuba. Ingano isabwa kumirasire yizuba biterwa nimbaraga zisabwa pompe, ingano yizuba ryaboneka ahantu runaka, hamwe nubushobozi bwa pompe busabwa. Izi ngingo zigomba gusesengurwa neza kugirango sisitemu ikore neza kandi neza yujuje ibyifuzo byo kuvoma.

Ibyiza by'izuba

Usibye gutanga amashanyarazi asabwa kuri pompe zamazi, imirasire yizuba ifite ibyiza byinshi. Ubwa mbere, bakoresha ingufu zisukuye kandi zishobora kuvugururwa, kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bicanwa biva mu kirere, kandi bigira uruhare mu bidukikije. Imirasire y'izuba ni myinshi kandi iraboneka ahantu henshi, bigatuma pompe y'amazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ikwiranye no mu cyaro ndetse no mu mijyi.

Njye mbona

Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ahenze cyane mugihe kirekire kuko akuraho cyangwa agabanya cyane amashanyarazi na fagitire. Iyo bimaze gushyirwaho, imirasire y'izuba isaba kubungabungwa bike, bikagabanya ibiciro byo gukora. Ibi bituma bashora imari ishimishije cyane cyane mubuhinzi, kuhira, no gukoresha amazi yabaturage.

Mu gusoza

Amashanyarazi yizuba ni igisubizo gishya kandi cyangiza ibidukikije kubikenerwa bitandukanye byo kuvoma amazi. Igice cyacyo nyamukuru, imirasire yizuba, ikoresha ingufu zizuba kandi ikayihindura amashanyarazi kugirango ikoreshe sisitemu yo kuvoma amazi. Gusobanukirwa uruhare rukomeye imirasire yizuba igira muri sisitemu yo kuvoma amazi yizuba birashobora gufasha muguhitamo neza mugihe uhitamo sisitemu ijyanye nibisabwa byihariye. Mugukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryizuba, turashobora gutanga inzira yigihe kizaza kandi tukemeza ko amazi meza atabangamiye ibidukikije cyangwa ibisekuruza bizaza.

Imirasire ifite imirasire yizuba ikora neza, ikaze kutwandikirasoma byinshi.