Imirasire y'izubabageze kure kuva batangira, kandi ejo hazaza habo hasa neza kuruta mbere hose.Amateka y’izuba ryatangiye mu kinyejana cya 19, igihe umuhanga mu bya fiziki w’Abafaransa Alexandre Edmond Becquerel yavumbuye bwa mbere ingaruka zifotora.Ubu buvumbuzi bwashizeho urufatiro rwo guteza imbere imirasire y'izuba nkuko tubizi muri iki gihe.
Gukoresha bwa mbere imirasire y'izuba byabaye mu myaka ya za 1950, igihe byakoreshwaga mu gukoresha satelite mu kirere.Ibi byaranze intangiriro yizuba rya kijyambere, mugihe abashakashatsi naba injeniyeri batangiye gushakisha ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ingufu zizuba kugirango bakoreshe ubutaka.
Mu myaka ya za 70, ikibazo cya peteroli cyongeye gushishikazwa n’ingufu zikomoka ku zuba nk’uburyo bushoboka bw’ibicanwa biva mu kirere.Ibi byatumye habaho iterambere ryinshi mu ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba, bituma rirushaho gukora neza kandi rihendutse gukoreshwa mu bucuruzi no gutura.Mu myaka ya za 1980, imirasire y'izuba yakoreshejwe cyane mubisabwa bitari kuri gride nko gutumanaho intera ndende no gukwirakwiza icyaro.
Byihuse kugeza uyu munsi, kandi imirasire y'izuba yabaye isoko nyamukuru yingufu zishobora kubaho.Iterambere mubikorwa byo gukora nibikoresho byagabanije igiciro cyizuba ryizuba, bituma ryoroha kubakoresha mugari.Byongeye kandi, inkunga za leta n’inkunga byatumye hashyirwaho imirasire y'izuba, bituma ibikorwa byiyongera ku isi hose.
Urebye imbere, ahazaza h'izuba riratanga ikizere.Imbaraga zikomeje gukorwa mubikorwa byiterambere byibanda ku kuzamura imikorere yizuba ryizuba kugirango bikorwe neza kandi bitangiza ibidukikije.Guhanga udushya mubikoresho no mubishushanyo bitera iterambere ryizuba ryibisekuru bizakurikiraho byoroshye, biramba, kandi byoroshye gushiraho.
Kimwe mu bintu bishimishije cyane mu zuba ryisi ni uguhuza tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu.Muguhuza imirasire yizuba hamwe na bateri, banyiri amazu nubucuruzi barashobora kubika ingufu zirenze zitangwa kumanywa kugirango zikoreshwe nijoro cyangwa iyo izuba rike.Ibi ntabwo byongera agaciro rusange muri sisitemu yizuba, ahubwo bifasha no gukemura ikibazo cyigihe gito cyo kubyara ingufu zizuba.
Ikindi gice cyo guhanga udushya ni ugukoresha inyubako ifotora (BIPV), ikubiyemo kwinjiza imirasire y'izuba mu bikoresho byubaka nk'ibisenge, amadirishya na fasade.Uku kwishyira hamwe ntikuzamura ubwiza bwinyubako gusa ahubwo binagufasha gukoresha umwanya uhari wo kubyara amashanyarazi.
Byongeye kandi, hari abantu benshi bashishikajwe no kumenya imirasire y'izuba, ibikoresho binini bikoresha ingufu z'izuba kugira ngo bitange amashanyarazi ku baturage bose.Iyi mirima yizuba igenda irushaho gukora neza kandi ihendutse, igira uruhare muguhindura ibikorwa remezo birambye kandi byongerewe ingufu.
Hamwe niterambere ryimodoka zikoresha imirasire yizuba hamwe na sitasiyo zishyuza, ahazaza h'imirasire y'izuba hanagera no gutwara abantu.Imirasire y'izuba yinjiye mu gisenge cy'imodoka y'amashanyarazi ifasha kwagura ibinyabiziga no kugabanya gushingira ku mashanyarazi.Byongeye kandi, imirasire y'izuba itanga ingufu zisukuye kandi zishobora kuvugururwa kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, bikagabanya ingaruka zabyo kubidukikije.
Muncamake, ibihe byashize nibizaza byumuriro wizuba byahujwe numurage wo guhanga udushya no gutera imbere.Kuva mu ntangiriro zabo zicishije bugufi nk'ikoranabuhanga rito kugeza aho rigeze ubu nk'isoko nyamukuru y'ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, imirasire y'izuba yagize iterambere ridasanzwe.Urebye imbere, ejo hazaza h'izuba rikoresha imirasire y'izuba haratanga ikizere, hamwe nubushakashatsi bukomeje nimbaraga ziterambere biteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryizuba.Mugihe isi ikomeje kwerekeza mubyerekezo birambye kandi bisukuye ingufu z'amashanyarazi, imirasire y'izuba izagira uruhare runini mugushiraho uburyo duha ingufu amazu yacu, ubucuruzi ndetse nabaturage.
Niba ukunda imirasire y'izuba ya monocrystalline, ikaze kuvugana na Radiance kurishaka amagambo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-03-2024