Inganda Inganda Zimyanda Yizuba

Imirasire y'izubababaye amahitamo akundwa ku buryo bushobora kongerwaho kuko bakoresha imbaraga z'izuba. Igikorwa cyo gukora cyimirasire yizuba nikintu cyingenzi mubikorwa byabo kuko bigena imikorere nubwiza bwimikorere. Muri iyi ngingo, tuzasesengura imikorere yizuba hamwe nintambwe zingenzi zirimo gukora ibyo bisubizo birambye.

Inzira y'imirasire y'izuba itangirana n'umusaruro w'imirasire, niyo nyubako yinyubako yinama. Imirasire y'izuba isanzwe ikozwe muri silicon, ibintu bikoreshwa cyane kandi biramba. Intambwe yambere muburyo bwo gukora nukubyara wafers, ariko uduce duto twa silicon dukoreshwa nkibikoresho byizuba. Wafers yakozwe binyuze mubikorwa byitwa Czochralski, aho kristu ya silicon yavuye mu bwogero bwa clicon yashongere ya falten kugirango ikore silicon silicon ya silicon, hanyuma igacibwa muri wafers.

Nyuma ya Wacers ya Silicon imaze kubyara, bavuka urukurikirane rwo kuvura kugirango bateze imbere imyitwarire no gukora neza. Ibi bikubiyemo gukora siliconi nibikoresho byihariye kugirango bireme ibyiza nibibi, bikaba ari ngombwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi. Wafer noneho yashizwemo igice cyo kurwanya kwerekana kugirango yongere urumuri kandi ugabanye ingufu. Iyi nzira ni ingenzi cyane kugirango tumenye ko selile yizuba ishobora guhindura neza urumuri rwizuba mumashanyarazi.

Nyuma yuko selile yizuba itegurwa, bateraniye hamwe mumirasire yizuba binyuze murukurikirane rwibikorwa bifitanye isano. Iyi selile isanzwe itunganijwe muburyo butorike kandi ihujwe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bine kugirango bibe umuzenguruko wamashanyarazi. Uyu muzunguruko wemerera imbaraga zakozwe na buri selile guhunywa no gukusanyirizwa hamwe, bikavamo umusaruro mwinshi muri rusange. Ingirabuzimafatizo noneho ziterwa no kugereranya, mubisanzwe bikozwe mu kirahure cyerekana, kugirango ubarinde ibintu bidukikije nkubushuhe nigitereko.

Intambwe yanyuma muburyo bwo gukora nukugerageza parne yizuba kugirango umenye neza imico n'imikorere. Ibi birimo gutondekanya imbaho ​​kubice bitandukanye bidukikije, nkubushyuhe bukabije nubushuhe, kugirango basuzume kuramba no kwizerwa. Byongeye kandi, umusaruro w'amashanyarazi wakozwe mu kanwa upimwa no kugenzura imikorere yabo n'imbaraga. Gusa nyuma yo gutsinda ibi bizamini birashobora gushinga imirasire kandi bikoreshwa.

Igikorwa cyo gukora cyimirasire yizuba nikikorwa kitoroshye kandi gisobanutse gisaba ikoranabuhanga ryiza nubuhanga. Buri ntambwe muri gahunda igira uruhare runini muguhitamo imikorere rusange no kuramba byitsinda. Nkibisabwa byizuba bikomeje kwiyongera, abakora bakomeje guhanga udushya no kunoza uburyo bwo gutanga umusaruro kugirango bakore imirasire y'izuba neza kandi birambye.

Kimwe mu by'ingenzi bitera imbere mu nganda z'izuba ni iterambere ry'imirima yoroheje, itanga ubundi buryo bworoshye kandi bworoshye kuri parike gakondo ya silicon. Ingirabuzimafatizo zoroheje zikozwe mu bikoresho nka cadmium bivugisha cyangwa umuringa wa gallium gallium kandi urashobora kubikwa ku basimbuye zitandukanye, harimo n'ikirahure, ibyuma cyangwa plastike. Ibi bituma biruha cyane muburyo bwo gushushanya no gushyira mubikorwa byizuba, bigatuma bikwiranye nibidukikije bikabije nibikorwa bifatika.

Ikindi kintu cyingenzi cyinganda zisenero cyibanze nintego yo kwibanda ku kuramba no guteza imbere ibidukikije. Abakora bagenda bateza imbere imigenzo yangiza ibidukikije nibikoresho kugirango bagabanye ikirenge cya karubone cyumusaruro w'izuba. Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha ibikoresho byatunganijwe, gahunda yo gukora ingufu-ikora ingufu no gushyira mu bikorwa imicungire y'imyanda no gutegura gahunda. Mugushyira imbere kuramba, inganda z'imirasire ntabwo zigira uruhare runini mu guhindura isi igana ku ngufu zishobora kongerwa, ariko kandi zigabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije.

Muri make,Imirasire y'izuba Ingandani inzira igoye ikubiyemo gukora selile yizuba, guterana mumitsi, no kugerageza gukomeye kugirango ireme ubuziranenge n'imikorere. Hamwe no gutera imbere kw'ikoranabuhanga no kwibanda ku kuramba, inganda z'imirasire zikomeje guhinduka kugira ngo habeho ibisubizo byiza kandi byangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije. Nkibisabwa imbaraga zishobora kuvugururwa, inzira yimirasire yizuba izakomeza kunonosora, gutwara imbaraga zizuba ryizuba nkisoko risukuye, rirambye.