Amateka Yiterambere ya Lithium Cluster

Ibipapuro bya batirium byahinduye uburyo duha imbaraga ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Kuva kuri terefone zigera kuri terefone zijya mumodoka, izo tangazo zoroheje kandi zikora neza zahindutse igice cyingenzi mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Ariko, iterambere ryalithium clusterntabwo yagenze neza. Yanyuze mu mpinduka zikomeye n'amateraniro mu myaka yashize. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura amateka ya bateri ya lithium nuburyo bahindutse kugirango bahure nibikenewe byingufu.

Bateri ya mbere ya Lithium-ion yatejwe imbere na Stanley Whittingham mu mpera za za 70, ziranga intangiriro ya clavio ya lithium. Bateri ya Whittingham ikoresha ditanium distimal nka Cathode na lithium icyuma nka anode. Nubwo ubu bwoko bwa bateri ifite imbaraga nyinshi zingufu, ntabwo ari ubucuruzi kubera ibibazo byumutekano. Lithium cyuma gikora cyane kandi irashobora gutera umuhanda wubushyuhe, bigatuma umuriro wa bateri cyangwa ibitutsi.

Mu rwego rwo gutsinda ibibazo byumutekano bifitanye isano na bateri yicyuma, John B. Goodyenough nitsinda rye muri kaminuza ya Oxford ryavumbuwe kuvumbuzi mu myaka ya za 1980. Basanze bakoresheje injyana y'icyuma aho kuba icyuma cya lithium, ibyago byo guhunga ubushyuhe birashobora kuvaho. Cantsoum ya eyenium ya Godasough yahinduwe yahinduye inganda kandi ikanda inzira ya mirium-ion ion dukoresha uyumunsi.

Iterambere rikurikira rikurikira muri paki ya lithuum yaje mu myaka ya za 90 igihe Yoshio Nishi maze ikipe ye i Sony yateje imbere bateri ya mbere y'ubucuruzi ya Litium-ion. Basimbuye lithium lithium yicyuma hamwe nigishushanyo gihamye anode, ubundi kuzamura umutekano wa bateri. Kubera imbaraga zabo zingufu nyinshi, iyi bateri ndende, iyi bateri yahise iba isoko isanzwe kubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byimuka nka mudasobwa zigendanwa na terefone zigendanwa.

Mu ntangiriro ya 2000, amapaki ya lithium yasanze porogaramu nshya mu nganda zimodoka. Tesla, washinzwe na Martin Eberhard na Mark Tarpenning, yatangije imodoka ya mbere yatsinze ubucuruzi bwakozwe na Litimage-ion ion. Ibi biranga intambwe ikomeye mugutezimbere paki ya lithium, nkuko imikoreshereze yabo itagigarukira kuri electronics. Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi byakozwe na lithium gapaki ya bateri tanga isuku, irambye irambye kubinyabiziga gakondo bya lisansi.

Nkibisabwa muri lithium gapaki ya lithium ikura, Imbaraga zubushakashatsi zibanda ku kongera imbaraga zabo imbaraga no kuzamura imikorere yabo muri rusange. Iterambere nk'iryo ryari ryo gutangiza Acode ishingiye kuri Siliconi. Silicon afite ubushobozi burebure bwo kubika lithium ion, bishobora kongera imbaraga za bateri. Nyamara, muri Silicon Anode ahura nibibazo nkimpinduka zubunini mugihe cyo kwishyuza, bikaviramo ubuzima bukoreshwa. Abashakashatsi barimo gukora cyane kugirango batsinde ibyo bibazo kugirango bafungure ubushobozi bwuzuye bwa anode ishingiye kuri silicon.

Ikindi gice cyubushakashatsi ni amatsinda ya bateri ya bateri. Iyi bateri ikoresha electrolytes ikomeye aho kuba electrolytes yamazi iboneka muri bateri gakondo ya lithium-ion. Batteri zikomeye-za leta zitanga ibyiza byinshi, harimo umutekano munini, ubucucike bwingufu, kandi birebire ubuzima. Nyamara, ubucuruzi bwabo buracyari murwego rwo hambere kandi ubundi bushakashatsi niterambere birakenewe kugirango dutsinde ingorane za tekiniki no kugabanya ibiciro bya tekiniki no kugabanya ibiciro bya tekiniki. 

Urebye imbere, ejo hazaza h'amatsinda ya bateri ya lithuum asa naho asezerana. Gusaba ububiko bwingufu bukomeje kuzamuka, bitwarwa nisoko ryibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi no gusaba kwishyira hamwe kwingufu. Imbaraga zubushakashatsi zibanda kuri bateri ziterambere hamwe nubushobozi bwingufu nyinshi, ubushobozi bwihuse bwo kwishyuza, kandi burerure ubuzima. Amatsinda ya Bateri ya Lithium azagira uruhare runini muguhinduka kwisuku, ingufu zirambye ejo hazaza.

Muri make, amateka yiterambere ya bateri ya lithium yiboneye udushya twabantu no gukurikirana ibiciro byiza kandi byiza byamashanyarazi. Kuva mu minsi ya mbere ya bateri icyuma kuri bateri ya lithium-ion dukoresha uyumunsi, twabonye iterambere ryingenzi mububiko bwingufu. Mugihe dukomeje gusunika imipaka yibishoboka, amagare ya lithium azakomeza guhinduka no guhindura ejo hazaza habika ingufu.

Niba ushishikajwe na lithium cluster, urakaza neza kumurikashaka amagambo.