Igishushanyo mbonera cyizuba cyamafoto yizuba

Imirasire y'izuba, bizwi kandi nk'izuba, ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kigizwe n'ingufu z'izuba. Module yagenewe guhindura urumuri rwizuba mumashanyarazi, rukagira uruhare runini murwego rwingufu zishobora kuvugururwa. Igishushanyo mbonera cyizuba cyamafoto yizuba ningirakamaro kugirango habeho imikorere myiza kandi itekanye ya sisitemu. Muri iyi ngingo, tuzacukumbura muburyo bugoye bwo gushushanya imirasire y'izuba ya PV, dushakisha ibice byingenzi nibitekerezo birimo.

Intangiriro ya moderi yizuba PV ni selile yifotora (PV), ishinzwe guhindura urumuri rwizuba mumashanyarazi. Utugingo ngengabuzima dukora mubikoresho bya semiconductor nka silicon, kandi iyo bihuye nizuba ryizuba, bitanga amashanyarazi ataziguye (DC). Kugira ngo ukoreshe izo mbaraga z'amashanyarazi, igishushanyo mbonera cyumuzingi wizuba cyamafoto arimo ibice byinshi byingenzi.

Kimwe mubice byingenzi bigize izuba ryamafoto yumubumbe wa module ni umuzenguruko wa byode. Bypass diode yinjijwe muri module kugirango igabanye ingaruka zo kugicucu cyangwa kunanirwa kwakagari. Iyo imirasire y'izuba igicucu cyangwa yangiritse, ihinduka inzitizi yo gutembera kw'amashanyarazi, bikagabanya umusaruro rusange w'amasomo. Bypass diode itanga ubundi buryo bwubu kugirango yirengagize ingirabuzimafatizo cyangwa zatsinzwe, byemeza ko imikorere rusange ya module itagize ingaruka cyane.

Usibye kurenga diode, igishushanyo mbonera cyizuba cyamafoto yizuba kirimo kandi agasanduku gahuza. Agasanduku gahuza gakora nkintera hagati ya PV modules na sisitemu y'amashanyarazi yo hanze. Irimo amashanyarazi, diode nibindi bikoresho bisabwa kugirango module ikore neza kandi neza. Agasanduku gahuza kandi karinda ibintu bidukikije nkubushuhe n ivumbi, kurinda ibice byimbere.

Byongeye kandi, ibizunguruka byumuzingi wizuba PV birimo kugenzura ibicuruzwa, cyane cyane muri gride cyangwa sisitemu yihagararaho. Abashinzwe kwishyuza bagenzura imigendekere yamashanyarazi ava mumirasire yizuba kugeza mumapaki ya bateri, birinda kwishyurwa birenze no gusohora cyane bateri. Ibi nibyingenzi kwagura ubuzima bwa bateri no kwemeza muri rusange izuba ryizuba.

Mugushushanya izuba ryumubumbe wizuba, voltage nigipimo cya sisitemu yose igomba kwitabwaho. Iboneza rya module, haba murukurikirane, ibangikanye cyangwa ikomatanya byombi, bigira ingaruka kuri voltage ninzego zubu mumuzunguruko. Ingano yumuzingi ikwiye hamwe nibisobanuro nibyingenzi kugirango bigabanye ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba mugihe ukomeza umutekano n'ubusugire bwa sisitemu.

Byongeye kandi, igishushanyo mbonera cyizuba cyamafoto yizuba kigomba kubahiriza ibipimo byumutekano bijyanye. Ibi birimo guhagarara neza no kurinda birenze urugero kugirango wirinde ingaruka z'amashanyarazi. Kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza gushiraho no gukoresha neza imirasire yizuba, kurinda ibikoresho nababigizemo uruhare.

Mu myaka yashize, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryemereye gukoresha amashanyarazi na microinverters kwinjizwa mumashusho yumuzingi wa moderi yizuba PV. Ibi bikoresho byongera imikorere ya module muburyo bwihariye bwo guhindura ingufu za buri zuba ryizuba no guhindura amashanyarazi yerekeza kumashanyarazi (AC) kugirango akoreshwe mubikorwa byo guturamo cyangwa mubucuruzi. Muguhuza ibyo bikoresho bya elegitoroniki byateye imbere, imikorere rusange nukuri kwizuba ryizuba ryateye imbere cyane.

Mu gusoza, igishushanyo mbonera cyizunguruka cyizuba PV gifite uruhare runini mumikorere no mumikorere yizuba. Muguhuza ibice nka diode ya bypass, agasanduku gahuza, kugenzura ibicuruzwa hamwe na elegitoroniki igezweho, igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana imikorere myiza kandi yumutekano ya moderi yifoto yizuba. Mugihe icyifuzo cyingufu zishobora kongera ingufu gikomeje kwiyongera, akamaro k’umuzunguruko ukomeye kandi wateguwe neza muri moderi y’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba uragenda ugaragara, ugaha inzira ejo hazaza h’ingufu zirambye.

Niba ushishikajwe nizuba ryamafoto yizuba, nyamuneka hamagara ImirasireKuri cote.